Gastrointestinal (GI) polyps zvidiki zvinokura zvinokura parukuvhute rwegumbo rekudya, kunyanya mukati menzvimbo dzakadai sedumbu, matumbu, uye colon. Mapolyps aya akajairika, kunyanya kune vanhu vakuru vanopfuura makumi mashanu. Kunyange zvazvo akawanda eGI polyps ari benign, mamwe anogona kufambira mberi kuva kenza, kunyanya polyps inowanikwa mukoloni. Kunzwisisa mhando, zvikonzero, zviratidzo, kuongororwa, uye marapirwo eGI polyps kunogona kubatsira mukukurumidza kuona uye kugadzirisa mhedzisiro yemurwere.
1. Chii chinonzi Gastrointestinal Polyps?
A gastrointestinal polyp kukura kusiri kujairika kwematishu akabuda kubva muruko rwegumbo rekugaya. Zvinogona kusiyana muhukuru, chimiro, uye nzvimbo, zvichikanganisa zvikamu zvakasiyana zveGI turakiti, kusanganisira esophagus, dumbu, ura hudiki, uye colon. Polyps inogona kunge yakati sandara, yakatsetseka (yakanamirwa zvakananga kune lining), kana pedunculated (yakasungirirwa neshanga mutete). Ruzhinji rwemapolyps haaite kenza, asi mamwe marudzi ane mukana wepamusoro wekuita mamota akaipa nekufamba kwenguva.
2. Mhando dzeGastrointestinal Polyps
Mhando dzinoverengeka dzepolyps dzinogona kuumba muGI turakiti, imwe neimwe iine hunhu hwakasiyana uye njodzi dzegomarara:
• Adenomatous Polyps (Adenomas): Idzi ndidzo mhando dzepolyps dzinowanikwa mucolon uye dzine mukana wekuita gomarara remudumbu. Adenomas yakakamurwa kuita tubular, vilous, kana tubulovillous subtypes, ine adenomas yakaipa ine njodzi yakanyanya yegomarara.
• Hyperplastic Polyps: Kazhinji madiki uye anowanzo kuwanikwa mucolon, mapoly aya ane njodzi shoma yegomarara. Nekudaro, hombe hyperplastic polyps, kunyanya mudivi rekurudyi rekoloni, inogona kuve nenjodzi yakawedzera zvishoma.
• Inflammatory Polyps: Inowanzoonekwa kune vanhu vane chirwere chechirwere chechirwere (IBD), chakadai seCrohn's disease kana ulcerative colitis, kuputika kwepolyps kunowanzova kusina kunaka asi kunogona kuratidza kuputika kwenguva refu mukoloni.
• Hamartomatous Polyps: Aya ma polyps haanyanyi kuwanda uye anogona kuitika sechikamu chemajini syndromes sePeutz-Jeghers syndrome. Kunyange zvazvo vachiwanzoita zvakanaka, dzimwe nguva vanogona kuwedzera njodzi yekenza.
• Fundic Gland Polyps: Anowanikwa mudumbu, mapopo aya kazhinji madiki uye asina kunaka. Nekudaro, muvanhu vanotora kwenguva refu proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), kuwedzera kwe fundic gland polyps kunogona kuitika, kunyangwe njodzi yegomarara inoramba yakaderera.
3. Zvinokonzera uye Risk Factors
Chikonzero chaicho cheGI polyps hachiwanzo kujeka, asi zvinhu zvakati wandei zvinogona kuwedzera mukana wekuzvigadzira:
• Genetics: Nhoroondo yemhuri inoita basa rinokosha mukugadzirwa kwepolyps. Genetic mamiriro akaita seFamily Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) uye Lynch syndrome inowedzera njodzi ye colorectal polyps uye cancer pazera diki.
• Zera: Mapolyps anowanzoonekwa muvanhu vanopfuura makumi mashanu, nengozi yeadenomatous polyps uye colorectal cancer inowedzera nezera.
• Mararamiro Anoita: Kudya kwakawanda munyama tsvuku kana yakagayiwa, kufutisa, kusvuta, uye kunwa doro zvakanyanyisa zvose zvakabatanidzwa nengozi yakawedzerwa yokuumbwa kwepolyp.
• Inflammatory Conditions: Kuzvimba kusingaperi kweGI turakiti, inowanzoonekwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akafanana neCrohn's disease uye ulcerative colitis, inogona kubatsira mukugadzirwa kwepolyps.
• Kushandisa Mishonga: Kushandiswa kwenguva refu kweimwe mishonga, yakadai se-non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) uye PPIs, inogona kukanganisa njodzi yemamwe marudzi emapolyps.
4. Zviratidzo zveGastrointestinal Polyps
Mazhinji polyps, kunyanya madiki, haana asymptomatic. Nekudaro, mapolyps akakura kana mapolyp mune dzimwe nzvimbo anogona kukonzera zviratidzo, zvinosanganisira:
• Rectal Bleeding: Ropa riri mutsvina rinogona kubva pamapolyps ari mucolon kana rectum.
• Shanduko muUra: Mapopu akakura anogona kukonzera kuvimbiswa, manyoka, kana kunzwa kusabuda zvakakwana.
• Marwadzo eMudumbu kana Kusagadzikana: Kunyange zvisingawanzoitiki, mamwe mapolyps anogona kukonzera marwadzo emimba kusvika pakati nepakati kana akavhara chikamu cheGI turakiti.
• Anemia: Mapolyp anobuda ropa zvishoma nezvishoma nekufamba kwenguva anogona kukonzera iron-deficiency anemia, zvichiita kuneta uye kupera simba.
Sezvo zviratidzo zvichiwanzo kuve zvinyowani kana kusavapo, kuongororwa kwemaitiro, kunyanya kune colorectal polyps, kwakakosha pakukurumidza kuonekwa.
5. Kuongororwa kweGastrointestinal Polyps
Maturusi akati wandei ekuongorora uye maitiro anogona kuona GI polyps, kunyanya mukoloni uye mudumbu:
• Colonoscopy: Colonoscopy ndiyo nzira inonyanya kushanda yekuona uye kubvisa polyps mukoloni. Inobvumira kutarisisa kwakananga kweiyo lining yekoloni uye rectum, uye chero mapolyp anowanikwa anogona kazhinji kubviswa panguva yekuita.
• Upper Endoscopy: Pamapolyps mudumbu kana kumusoro kweGI turakiti, endoscopy yepamusoro inoitwa. Ichubhu inochinjika ine kamera inopinzwa nemumuromo kuratidza yegurokuro, dumbu, uye duodenum.
• Sigmoidoscopy: Iyi nzira inoongorora chikamu chezasi chekoroni, inozivikanwa se sigmoid colon. Inogona kuona mapolyps murectum uye yakaderera colon asi isingasviki kumusoro kwekoloni.
• Kuongororwa kwetsvina: Kumwe ongororo yetsvina inokwanisa kuona twunhu tweropa kana twusina kujairika twunoratidza maDNA marker akabatana nemapolyps kana gomarara reruvara.
• Imaging Tests: CT colonography (virtual colonoscopy) inogona kugadzira mifananidzo yakazara yecolon nerectum. Kunyangwe isingabvumire kubviswa kwepolyps nekukurumidza, inogona kunge isiri-invasive sarudzo.
6. Kurapa uye Kutarisira
Kurapwa kweGI polyps kunoenderana nerudzi rwavo, saizi, nzvimbo, uye mukana wekurwara:
• Polypectomy: Iyi nzira ndiyo inonyanya kurapa yekubvisa polyps panguva yecolonoscopy kana endoscopy. Mapolyp madiki anogona kubviswa uchishandisa musungo kana forceps, nepo mapolyp akakura angangoda hunyanzvi hwepamusoro.
• Kuvhiya Kubviswa: Muzviitiko zvisingawanzoitiki apo polyps yakakura zvikuru kana kuti isingagoni kubviswa endoscopically, kuvhiyiwa kunogona kudiwa. Izvi zvinowanzoitika kune polyps inobatanidza ne genetic syndromes.
• Kugara Kuongorora: Kune varwere vane mapolyps akawanda, nhoroondo yemhuri yemapolyps, kana chaiwo genetic mamiriro, nguva dzose yekutevera colonoscopies inokurudzirwa kutarisa mapolyps matsva.
Polypectomy musungo
7. Kudzivirira Gastrointestinal Polyps
Nepo asiri ese ma polyps anogona kudzivirirwa, akati wandei mararamiro anogona kuderedza njodzi yekukura kwavo:
• Zvokudya: Kudya zvokudya zvakapfuma mumichero, miriwo, uye zviyo asi uchideredza nyama yakatsvuka uye yakagayiwa kungabatsira kuderedza ngozi yepolyptal.
• Chengetedza Hutano Hwakanaka: Kufutisa kwakabatanidzwa nengozi yakawedzerwa yemapolyps, kunyanya mukoloni, saka kuchengetedza uremu hwakanaka kunobatsira.
• Rega Kusvuta uye Kuderedza Kunwa Doro: Zvose kusvuta uye kunwa doro zvakanyanya kunobatanidza nehuwandu hwehuwandu hweGI polyps uye colorectal cancer.
• Kuongororwa nguva nenguva: Kuongororwa kwecolonoscopy nguva dzose kwakakosha, kunyanya kuvanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mashanu kana avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri yemapolyps kana gomarara reruvara. Kukurumidza kuonekwa kwepolyps kunobvumira kubviswa vasati vaita gomarara.
8. Prognosis uye Outlook
Kufungidzira kune vanhu vane gastrointestinal polyps kazhinji kwakanaka, kunyanya kana ma polyps akaonekwa nekukurumidza uye kubviswa. Nepo mazhinji mapolyp ari echokwadi, kugara uchitarisa uye kubviswa kunogona kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yegomarara remukati. Genetic mamiriro ane chekuita nemapolyps, akadai seFAP, anoda hukasha hutongi nekuda kwenjodzi huru yekurwara.
Mhedziso
Gastrointestinal polyps inowanikwa muvakuru, kunyanya pavanenge vachikura. Nepo mapolyp mazhinji asina kunaka, mamwe marudzi ane njodzi yekuva negomarara kana akasiyiwa asina kurapwa. Kuburikidza nekuchinja kwemararamiro, kuongororwa nguva dzose, uye kubviswa panguva, vanhu vanogona kuderedza zvakanyanya njodzi yavo yekuva nezvinetso zvakakomba kubva kuGI polyps. Kudzidzisa veruzhinji nezvekukosha kwekukurumidza kuona uye basa rezviyero zvekudzivirira chinhu chakakosha pakuvandudza mhedzisiro nekusimudzira hupenyu.
Isu, Jiangxi Zhuo Ruihua Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., inogadzira muChina inyanzvi mune endoscopic consumables, senge.biopsy forceps, hemoclip, polyp musungo, sclerotherapy tsono, pfapfaidza catheter, cytology brushes, guidewire, dombo rekudzosa tswanda, nasal biliary drainage catheteretc. ayo anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muEMR, ESD, ERCP. Zvigadzirwa zvedu ndezveEC Certified, uye zvidyarwa zvedu ISO certified. Zvinhu zvedu zvakatumirwa kuEurope, North America, Middle East uye chikamu cheAsia, uye zvakanyanya kuwana mutengi wekuzivikanwa nekurumbidzwa!
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-18-2024