Muna 2017, World Health Organization yakaronga hurongwa hwe"kuonekwa kwekutanga, kuongororwa kwekutanga, uye kurapwa kwekutanga", iyo yakagadzirirwa kuyeuchidza veruzhinji kuti vateerere zviratidzo pachine nguva. Mushure memakore akawanda emari chaiyo yekurapa,nzira nhatu idzi dzave nzira inoshanda zvikuru yekudzivirira kenza.
Sekureva kwe "Global Cancer Report 2020" yakaburitswa neWHO, zvinofungidzirwa kuti huwandu hwemagomarara matsva pasi rose huchawedzera kusvika pamamiriyoni makumi matatu nemazana maviri muna 2040 uye huwandu hwevanhu vakafa huchasvika mamiriyoni gumi nematanhatu nemazana matatu.
Muna 2020, pachava nezvirwere zvitsva zvegomarara zvinosvika mamiriyoni gumi nemapfumbamwe pasi rose.Panguva iyoyo, kenza nhatu huru dzaive nehuwandu hwakakura hwekenza pasi rose ndeidzi: kenza yemazamu (22.61 miriyoni), kenza yemapapu (2.206 miriyoni), kenza yeura (19.31 miriyoni), uye kenza yemudumbu yaive panzvimbo yechishanu ne10.89 miriyoni,muhuwandu hwekenza itsva, kenza yemuura mukuru nekenza yemudumbu zvakaita 15.8% yekenza itsva dzese.
Sezvatinoziva tese, nzira yeManhua inoreva kubva pamuromo kuenda pamusuwo wemuraraungu, iyo inosanganisira gumbo, dumbu, ura hudiki, ura hukuru (cecum, appendix, colon, rectum uye anal canal), chiropa, pancreas, nezvimwewo, uye colorectum mukenza itsva pasi rose. Kenza negomarara remudumbu zvese zviri mudumbu, saka magomarara ane chekuita nenzira yekugaya anofanirawo kutariswa uye nzira "yekutanga nhatu" inofanira kushandiswa.
Muna 2020, huwandu hwevanhu vatsva vane kenza munyika yangu hwakasvikawo pamamiriyoni mana nehafu, uye huwandu hwevanhu vakafa nekenza hwaive mamiriyoni matatu.Avhareji yevanhu 15,000 vaionekwa vaine kenza zuva rega rega, uye vanhu 10.4 vaionekwa vaine kenza miniti yega yega. Yechishanu ikenza yemapapu.(zvichireva 17.9% yegomarara idzva),kenza yemudumbu (12.2%), kenza yemudumbu (10.5%),kenza yemazamu (9.1%), uye kenza yechiropa (9%). Pakati pekenza shanu dzepamusoro chete,kenza yemudumbu yakaita 31.7% yekenza itsva dzese.Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti tinofanira kunyatsotarisa pakuona nekudzivirira kenza yemudumbu.
Chinotevera ndicho chinyorwa cha2020 (kuferefeta kwakakosha uye kurudziro yekudzivirira bundu revanhu reChang Beihui) chinosanganisira chirongwa chekudzivirira marwadzo emudumbu uye chekuongorora:
Kenza yemudumbu
1. Vanhu vasina zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi vane makore anopfuura 1.45;
2. Vanhu vane makore anopfuura 240 vane zviratidzo zvekushaya muromo kwemavhiki maviri:
3.Varwere vane chirwere chemudumbu kwenguva yakareba;
Vanhu 4.4 mushure mekuvhiyiwa kenza yemudumbu;
5. Huwandu hwevanhu mushure mekurapwa kwe colorectal adenoma;
6. Hama dzepedyo dzine nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yemudumbu
7. Hama dzepedyo dzevarwere vakaonekwa vaine kenza yemudumbu ine makore anopfuura makumi maviri ekuberekwa
1. Misangano yekuongorora "Vanhu Vose" 1-5:
(1) Kuongororwa kwegomarara remudumbu kunotanga pazera remakore makumi mana nemashanu, zvisinei nekuti munhurume kana munhukadzi, ropa retsvina (FOBT) rinoonekwa kamwe chete pagore.
Colonoscopy makore gumi ega ega kusvika pazera remakore makumi manomwe nemashanu;
(2) Avo vane makore 76-85, vane hutano hwakanaka, uye avo vane makore anopfuura gumi ekurarama, vanogona kuramba vachichengetedza kushongedza uku.
2 Zvichienderana ne "Kuferefeta kwekiriniki kwenhengo dzemhuri dzine nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yemudumbu:
(1) hama imwe chete yedhigirii rekutanga ine adenoma yepamusoro kana kurwadziwa (zera rekutanga harisi pasi pemakore makumi matanhatu), 2
Hama dzezera rekutanga uye dziri pamusoro dzine adenoma yepamusoro kana kenza (chero zera rekutanga), kutanga pazera remakore makumi mana (kana kutanga pazera remakore gumi pasi pezera rekutanga remudiki wemhuri), kuongororwa kweFOBT kamwe chete pagore, kamwe chete pamakore mashanu ega ega Colonoscopy;
(2) Vanhu vane njodzi huru vane nhoroondo yemhuri yehama dzakamborwara (mumwe chete, uye zera rekutanga chirwere ichi rapfuura makore makumi matanhatu):
Tanga kuongorora uine makore makumi mana, neFOBT test gore rega rega uye colonoscopy makore gumi ega ega. 3 Kuongororwa kwenhengo dzemhuri musangano we "hereditary colorectal cancer" 7;
Kune nhengo dzemhuri dzevarwere vane FAP neHNPCC, kuongororwa kwekuchinja kwemajini kunokurudzirwa kana kuchinja kwemajini muchiitiko chekutanga mumhuri kwakajeka.
(1) Kune avo vane bvunzo yekuchinja kwemajini, mushure memakore makumi maviri, colonoscopy inofanira kuitwa makore ese 1-2; (2) Kune avo vane bvunzo yekuchinja kwemajini isina kunaka, vanhu vose vanofanira kuongororwa. 4 Nzira dzinokurudzirwa dzekuongorora:
(1) Kuongororwa kweFOBT + kuferefeta pakati pehuwandu ndiyo nzira huru yekuferefeta kweHan, uye humbowo hwakakwana:
(2) Kuonekwa kweropa rine majini akawanda kunogona kubatsira kuvandudza kururama kwekuverenga, uye mutengo wacho unodhura zvakanyanya; (3) Kana mamiriro ezvinhu achibvumira, kuongororwa kunogona kuitwa nekubatanidza nzira dzetsvina neropa.
1. Kurovedza muviri kunogona kuderedza kubuda kwebundu, kutevedzera hutungamiriri hwemitambo, uye kushambira kudzivirira kufuta;
2. Chikafu chine hutano muuropi, kuwedzera kudya fiber isina kubikwa nemichero mitsva, uye kudzivirira kudya zvine mafuta akawanda uye mapuroteni akawanda;
3 Mishonga isiri yekudzivirira kuzvimba uye yekurwisa kenza inogona kushanda zvakanaka mukudzivirira kenza yemudumbu. Vakwegura vanogona kuedza aspirin ine mwero mudiki, iyo inogona kuderedza njodzi yezvirwere zvemwoyo netsinga dzeropa uye kenza yemudumbu. Bvunza chiremba kuti akubatsire kushandisa mishonga iyi.
5. Deredza kusvuta kuti usapindwe nehupfu kwenguva refu uye kuti uzvimbe kuQinghua Dao.
Kenza yeDumbu
Munhu wese ane chimwe chezvirwere zvinotevera chinhu chine njodzi huru;
1. Anopfuura makore makumi matanhatu;
2 Gastritis ine mwero uye yakanyanya kuomarara;
3. Chironda chemudumbu chisingaperi;
4. Mapundu emudumbu;
5. Chiratidzo chikuru chemudumbu chinopetwa;
6. Dumbu rinosara mushure mekuvhiyiwa rezvirwere zvisina njodzi;
7. Dumbu rasara mushure mekuvhiyiwa kenza yemudumbu (mwedzi 6-12 mushure mekuvhiyiwa);
8. Utachiona hweHelicobacter pylori;
9. Nhoroondo yakajeka yemhuri yekenza yemudumbu kana yegurokuro;
10. Kushaya ropa kwakaipisisa:
11. Familyal adenomatous polyposis (FAP), nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yekoloni isina polyposis (HNPCC).
Ane makore anopfuura makumi mana ekuberekwa ane kurwadziwa mudumbu, kuzvimba kwedumbu, acid regurgitation, chirungurira nezvimwe zviratidzo zvekusagadzikana mudumbu, uye gastritis isingaperi, gastric mucosal intestinal metaplasia, gastric polyps, remain stomach, giant gastric fold sign, chronic gastric ulcer uye gastric epithelial atypia Hyperplasia nezvimwe zvironda nezvinhu zvine nhoroondo yemhuri yemamota zvinofanirwa kuitwa gastroscopy nguva dzose zvichienderana nekurudziro yachiremba.
1. Gadzirira tsika dzekudya dzine hutano uye chimiro chekudya, kwete kudya zvakanyanya;
2. Kubviswa kwehutachiona hweHelicobacter pylori;
3. Deredza kudya chikafu chinotonhora, chine munyu, chinopisa zvakanyanya, uye chakaoma, pamwe chete nechikafu chine munyu wakawanda chakadai sechinosvuta kana chakabikwa muhari.
4. Rega kusvuta;
5. Inwa doro shoma kana kusanwa doro rakawanda;
6. Zorora uye deredza kumanikidzwa zvine mwero
Kenza yemudumbu
Zera riri pasi pemakore makumi mana uye rinosangana nechero chezvinhu zvinotevera zvine njodzi:
1. Kubva munzvimbo ine kenza yemudumbu zvakanyanya munyika yangu (nzvimbo ine kenza yemudumbu zvakanyanya munyika yangu iri mumatunhu eHebei, Henan neShanxi kumaodzanyemba kweGomo reTaihang, kunyanya muCixian County, muQinling, Dabie Mountain, kuchamhembe kweSichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, kuchamhembe kweJiangsu, Xinjiang, nezvimwewo, nyika nemhuka dzakapararira zvakanyanya munzvimbo dzine kenza yakawanda);
2. Zviratidzo zvemudumbu zvakaita sekuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kurwadziwa mudumbu, kudzoreredza acid, kusagadzikana pakudya nezvimwe zviratidzo;
3. Nhoroondo yemhuri yekurwadziwa pagurokuro:
4. Kutambura nechirwere chegomarara repahuro kana maronda egomarara:
5. Vane zvinhu zvine njodzi huru yekenza yegurokuro zvakaita sekusvuta fodya, kunwa doro zvakanyanya, kufuta, kufarira chikafu chinopisa, squamous cell carcinoma yemusoro nemutsipa kana yekufema;
6. Kutambura nechirwere cheperiesophageal reflux (CERD);
7. Kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwepapillomavirus (HPV) hwevanhu.
Vanhu vari panjodzi huru yekubatwa nekenza yegurokuro:
1. Endoscopy yakajairika, kamwe chete mumakore maviri ega ega;
2 Endoscopy ine zviratidzo zvechirwere che dysplasia isina kusimba, endoscopy kamwe chete pagore;
3 Endoscopy ine zviratidzo zvechirwere che dysplasia iri pakati nepakati, endoscopy mwedzi mitanhatu yega yega
1. Usasvuta kana kurega kusvuta;
2. Doro shoma kana kusanwa doro;
3. Idya chikafu chine mwero, idya michero nemiriwo mitsva yakawanda
4. Wedzera maekisesaizi uye chengetedza huremu hwakanaka;
5. Usadye chikafu chinopisa kana kunwa mvura inopisa.
Kenza yechiropa
Varume vane makore anopfuura 35 uye vakadzi vane makore anopfuura 45 vari mune chero mapoka anotevera:
1. Kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwehepatitis B (HBV) husingaperi kana kutapukirwa nehutachiona hwehepatitis C husingaperi (HCV);
2. Avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yechiropa;
3. Varwere vane chirwere chechiropa chinokonzerwa neschistosomiasis, doro, chirwere chechiropa chepakutanga, nezvimwewo;
4. Varwere vane kukuvara kwechiropa kunokonzerwa nemishonga;
5. Varwere vane zvirwere zvemuviri zvinogarwa nhaka, zvinosanganisira: hemochromatosis a-1 antitrypsin deficiency, chirwere chekuchengetwa kweglycogen, delay cutaneous porphyria, tyrosinemia, nezvimwewo;
6. Varwere vane chirwere chehepatitis chinokonzerwa ne autoimmune;
7. Varwere vane chirwere chechiropa chisina doro (NAFLD)
1. Varume vane makore anopfuura 35 ekuberekwa nevakadzi vane makore anopfuura 45 ekuberekwa vane njodzi huru yekubatwa nekenza yechiropa vanofanira kuongororwa;
2. Kushandiswa pamwe chete kwe serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) neB-ultrasound yechiropa, kuongororwa kwemwedzi mitanhatu yega yega
1. Jekiseni reHepatitis B;
2. Varwere vane chirwere chehepatitis chisingaperi vanofanira kurapwa nemavhairasi nekukurumidza sezvinobvira kudzora kupararira kwehutachiona hwehepatitis.
3. Rega kana kuderedza kunwa doro;
4. Idya chikafu chisina mafuta akawanda uye deredza kudya chikafu chine mafuta akawanda
5. Dzivisa kudya chikafu chine chakuvhuvhu.
Kenza yepancreatic
Vanhu vane makore anopfuura makumi mana, kunyanya anopfuura makumi mashanu, vane chimwe chezvinhu zvinotevera (chinhu chechitanhatu hachiwedzere njodzi yekenza yepancreas, asi kuongororwa hakuwanzoitwa):
1. Nhoroondo yemhuri yekenza yepancreas uye chirwere cheshuga;
2. Kune nhoroondo yekusvuta fodya kwenguva refu, kunwa doro, kudya zvine mafuta akawanda uye mapuroteni akawanda;
3. Kuzara kwedumbu pakati nepamusana, kusagadzikana, kurwadziwa mudumbu pasina chikonzero chiri pachena, uye zviratidzo zvakaita sekushaiwa chishuwo chekudya, kuneta, manyoka, kudzikira kwehuremu, kurwadziwa kwemusana uri pasi, nezvimwewo;
4. Zviitiko zvechirwere chepancreatitis chinogara kwenguva refu, kunyanya chirwere chepancreatitis chinogara kwenguva refu chine matombo epancreatic duct, main pancreatic duct-type mucinous papilloma, mucinous cystic adenoma, uye solid pseudopapillary bundu, rine serum CA19-9 yakakwira;
5. Kukurumidza kutanga kwechirwere cheshuga chisina nhoroondo yemhuri;
6. Helicobacter pylori (HP) positive, nhoroondo yechirwere chemuromo cheperiodontitis, chirwere chePJ, nezvimwewo.
1. Vanhu vataurwa pamusoro apa vanoongororwa nemhedzisiro yekuongororwa kweropa rezviratidzo zvegomarara zvakaita seCA19-9, CA125 CEA, nezvimwewo, pamwe chete neCT yemudumbu neMRI, uye B-ultrasound inogonawo kupa rubatsiro rwakakodzera;
2. Kuongororwa kweCT kana MR kamwe chete pagore kune vanhu vataurwa pamusoro apa, kunyanya avo vane nhoroondo yemhuri uye vane marwadzo epancreas aripo
1. Rega kusvuta nekudzora doro;
2. Kurudzira kudya kwakapfava, kunogayiwa zviri nyore, uye kusina mafuta akawanda;
3. Idya huku dzakawanda, hove neshrimp, uye kurudzira kudya miriwo yemaruva "+", yakadai segreen cabbage, cabbage, radish, broccoli, nezvimwewo;
4. Kurudzira mitambo yekurovedza muviri panze
5. Kuti zvidzivise kuora kwemaronda asina njodzi, avo vane matombo epancreatic duct, intraductal mucinous papilloma uye cystic adenoma kana mamwe maronda asina njodzi epancreatic vanofanira kutsvaga rubatsiro rwechiremba nenguva.
Isu, Jiangxi Zhuoruihua Medical Instrument Co., Ltd., tinogadzira zvinhu muChina zvine chekuita ne endoscopic consumables, zvakaita seforceps ye biopsy, hemoclip, polyp snare, sclerotherapy needle, spray catheter, cytology brushes, guidewire wire, stone retrieval basket, nasal biliary drainage catheter nezvimwewo.izvo zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muEMR, ESD, ERCP. Zvigadzirwa zvedu zvakanyoreswa neCE, uye mafekitori edu akanyoreswa neISO. Zvinhu zvedu zvakatumirwa kuEurope, North America, Middle East nechikamu cheAsia, uye zvinowana vatengi vakawanda mukurumbira nerumbidzo!
Nguva yekutumira: Gunyana-09-2022